Welche Backup-Software ist für Windows NT verfügbar?

Wie installiert man ein Bandlaufwerk?

Welche Backup Arten unterstüzt NTBACKUP.EXE?

Welche Backup Stategien sind verfügbar?

Welche Optionen sind bei NTBACKUP.EXE verfügbar?

Kann NTBACKUP von der Kommandozeile ausgeführt werden?

Wie erstellt man ein zeitgesteuertes Backup?

Wie stellt man Daten wieder her?

Wie können geöffnete Dateien gesichert werden?

Welche Rechte muss man haben, um ein Backup zu starten?

Wie kann die Registry gesichert werden?

Wie kann man mit NTBACKUP ein Band löschen, das Fehler aufweist?

Wie kann man einen toten Backup Prozess stoppen?

Q. Welche Backup-Software ist für Windows NT verfügbar?

A. Windows NT ships with NTBACKUP.EXE which is suitable for backing up most installations however its features are quite basic, for the larger more complex

installations one of the following may be worth a look
 
 

ADSM........ttp://www.storage.ibm.com/software/adsm/index.htm

ARCserveIT..ttp://www.cai.com/arcserveit/

Back Again II..http://www.cds-inc.com/

Backup Exec http://support.veritas.com/index_bottom_Product_Cat_Backup_Exec.htm

Backup Express..ww.syncsort.com

EaseBackup from http://members.xoom.com/KieProgSoft/

Legato NetWorker from http://www.legato.com/

NetBackup from http://www.veritas.com

NovaBack+ from http://www.novastor.com

OpenView OmniBack from http://www.hp.com

Replica from http://www.stac.com/replica/

Retrospect 5.0 from www.dantz.com

UltraBac from http://www.ultrabac.com

Q. Wie installiert man ein Bandlaufwerk?
 
 

A. Before you can add a tape drive you should first ensure that the correct SCSI driver is loaded for the card the tape drive is connected to. Once the SCSI driver is loaded you should perform the following

1.Start the Tape Devices control panel applet (Start - Settings - Control Panel - Tape Devices)

2.Click the detect button for NT to detect your tape drive. If this works goto step 5

3.If the drive could not be detected the click the drivers tab

4. <Hinzufügen> wählen und das Bandlaufwerk aus der Liste wählen oder auf <Diskette...> klicken und den Treiber wählen.

5.Mit <OK> bestätigen.

6.Den Computer neu starten

Q. Welche Backup Arten unterstüzt NTBACKUP.EXE?

A. Es werden 5 unterschiedliche Backup Arten unterstüzt:

Normal - Sichert die ausgewählten Dateien und setzt das Archiv bit zurück.

Incremental - Sichert die Dateien, die seit dem letzten BAckup geändert wurden und setzt das Archiv Bit zurück.

Differential - Sichert die Dateien, die seit dem letzten BAckup geändert wurden, das Archiv Bit wird jedoch nicht zurück gesetzt.

Kopieren - Sichert die ausgewählten Dateien, das Archiv Bit wird nicht zurück gesetzt.

Täglich - Sichert die Dateien, die am aktuellen Tag gesichert wurden, das Archiv Bit wird nicht zurück gesetzt.

Q. Welche Backup Stategien sind verfügbar?
 
 

A. A. The main backup strategy is on a weekly plan as follows
 
 

Monday - Incremental backup

Tuesday - Incremental backup

Wednesday - Incremental backup

Thursday - Incremental backup

Friday - Normal backup
 
 

As you know an incremental backup only backs up those files that have changed since the last backup and then sets them as backed up so this type of backup should

be quite fast. In the event of a failure you would have to first restore the normal backup and then any subsequent incremental backups.
 
 

An alternative would be as follows
 
 

Monday - Differential backup

Tuesday - Differential backup

Wednesday - Differential backup

Thursday - Differential backup

Friday - Normal backup
 
 

Differential backups and incremental backups are the same except that differential does not mark the files as backed up, therefore files backed up on Monday will still

be backed up on Tuesday etc. Therefore to restore the backup you would only need to restore the normal backup and the latest differential backup.
 
 

It is important to not just have on week's worth of tapes, you should have a tape rotation and have maybe 10 tapes and rotate on a fortnightly basis.
 
 

If you wanted an extra backup as a one off you would use a copy backup as this does a full backup but does not mark files as backed up and therefore would not

interfere with other backup schemes in use.
 
 

Q. Welche Optionen sind bei NTBACKUP.EXE verfügbar?
 
 

A. A. Once you start NTBACKUP a list of all drives on the machine will be shown. You can either select a whole drive or double click on the drive and then select

directories. Once you have selected the drives/directories click the Backup button.
 
 

When performing a backup there are a number of fields that should be completed.
 
 

Current Tape - The name of the inserted tape is shown. You cannot edit this field

Creation Date - Date the original backup set was created. You cannot edit this field

Owner - The owner of the tape. You cannot edit this field

Tape Name - A 32 character string describing the tape

Operation Append/Replace - If you choose append the new saveset is added to the end of the tape. If you choose replace any information on the current tape

is overwritten.

Verify after backup - If selected once files are copied to tape they are verified against the file on disk

Backup Local registry - Backs up the computers local registry, you cannot backup remote computers registry's.

Restrict Access to Owner or Administrator - If you select this tape then the tape is made Secure. Only the owner of the tape or a member of the Administrator

or Backup Operators group can access the tape.

Q. Kann NTBACKUP von der Kommandozeile ausgeführt werden?
 
 

A. A. NTBACKUP is fully usable from the command line using the format below
 
 

ntbackup <operation> <path> /a /b /d "text" /e /hc:<on/off> /l "<filename>" /r /t <backup type> /tape:n /v
 
 

The parameters have the following meanings
 

<operation>	This will be backup . If you wanted to eject a tape you could enter eject (but must also include the /tape parameter)
<path>	The list of drives and directories to be backed up. You may not enter file names or use the wildcard character. To backup multiple drives just put a space between them, e.g. ntbackup backup c: d: etc...
/a	Append backup sets to the end of the tape. If /a is omitted then the tape will be erased
/b	Backup the local registry
/d "text"	A description of the tape
/e	Logs only exceptions
/hc:<on/off>	If set /hc:on then hardware compression will be used, if /hc:off then no hardware compression will be used.
/l "<filename>"	Location and name for the logfile
/r	Restricts access (ignored if /a is set)
/missingtape	Specifies that a tape is missing from the backup set when the set spans several tapes. Each tape becomes a single unit as opposed to being part of the set.
/t <backup type>	The type of backup, normal, Incremental, Differential, Copy or Daily
/tape:n	Which tape drive to use (from 0 to 9). If omitted tape drive 0 is used
/v	Performs verification

Q. Wie erstellt man ein zeitgesteuertes Backup?
 
 

A. Before a backup can be scheduled, you must ensure the scheduler service is running on the target machine, it does not have to be running on the issuing machine.

For information on the schedule service see Q. How do I schedule commands?
 
 

Once the scheduler service has been started it is possible to submit a backup command using the ntbackup.exe image (image is a name for an executable)
 
 

at 22:00 /every:M,T,W,Th,F ntbackup backup d: /v /b
 
 

The command above would schedule a backup at 10:00 p.m. on weekdays of drive D: and the local registry with verification.
 
 

If you are having problems with the scheduling you may want to use the /interactive switch so in the event of a problem you can interact with the backup program.

Q. Wie stellt man Daten wieder her?
 
 

A. To restore a backup saveset is simple and will depend on what was backed up, however the basics are
 
 

1.Start NTBACKUP (Start - Administrative Tools - Backup)

2.Double click on the tape unit that has the backup saveset you want. Select the saveset

3.Check the Restore File Permissions if the saveset was backed up off of a NTFS volume

4.Click OK

Q. Wie können geöffnete Dateien gesichert werden?
 
 

A. A. Sometimes files can be corrupted as a backup program will try to backup an open file and when restored the file is corrupt. To stop NTBACKUP from backing up

open files perform the following
 
 

1.Start the registry editor

2.Move to HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Ntbackup\Backup Engine

3.Check "Backup files in use". If it is set to 1 double click on the value and set to 0. Click OK

4.Close the registry editor
 
 

If you do have "Backup files in use" set to 1 then you should also set the following parameter
 
 

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Ntbackup\User Interface\Skip open files
 
 

The values for this are
 
 

0 - Do not skip the file, wait till it can be backed up

1 - Skip files that are open/unreadable

2 - Wait for open files to close for Wait time (which is another registry value in seconds)
 
 

For more information have a look at Q159218 (http://support.microsoft.com/support/kb/articles/q159/2/18.asp)
 
 

To backup open files without corruption you should look at Open File Manager software from http://www.stbernard.com (yeah the advert with the cute dog!). You can

download a 15 day free trial.

Q. Welche Rechte muss man haben, um ein Backup zu starten?
 
 

A. The operator performing the backup requires the "back up files and directories" user right. This can be given directly using user manager, or the preferred way is to

make the user a member of either the Administrators group or the backup operators group.

Q. Wie kann die Registry gesichert werden?
 
 

A. Most of the registry hives are open, making them unable to be copied in the normal way, however there are several methods available to you
 
 

If you have a tape drive attached to NT, the NTBACKUP utility will perform a full backup of the registry if you select the "backup local registry" when performing

the backup. Please note that NTBACKUP cannot backup registry's on remote machines.

RDISK /S will backup the registry to the %SystemRoot%/repair directory. RDISK is no longer supplied in Windows 2000, please see Q. Where is RDISK in

Windows 2000?

REGBACK.EXE which comes with the resource kit will backup the open files that make up the registry, but not the unopened ones, these will need to be manually

copied using xcopy.exe or scopy.exe. There is also a utility REGREST.EXE that can be used to restore the registry. To backup the registry to directory

d:\regbackup:

regback d:\regback

REG.EXE is now supplied with the newer versions of the resource kit and with the BACKUP option, e.g. REG BACKUP you can backup certain sections of the

registry to file.
 
 

NT does not automatically rename the old Registry to .DA0 as does Windows 95. However, you can use RDISK, the Emergency Recovery Disk utility, to generate fresh

duplicates of the Registry, and use this script to keep three old versions on hand:
 
 

REM REGBACK.BAT note: change M: to home directory on LAN

REM pkzip25 is a product of PKWARE, see www.pkware.com for details

rdisk /s-

if exist m:regback.old del m:regback.old

ren m:regback.sav regback.old

ren m:regback.zip regback.sav

pkzip25 -lev=0 -add -attr=all m:regback %systemroot%\repair\*.*

exit

Q. Wie kann man mit NTBACKUP ein Band löschen, das Fehler aufweist?
 
 

A. A. When NTBackup starts and when a tape is inserted a scan of the device is performed and if any errors are found one of the following messages will be displayed
 
 

Tape Drive Error Detected.

Tape Drive Not Responding.

Bad Tape.
 
 

You will not be able to perform any actions on the tape including erasing it. It is possible to force NT to not check a tape when inserted using the /nopoll parameter,

e.g.
 
 

c:\>ntbackup /nopoll
 
 

You will now be able to erase the tape within NTBackup. If you have multiple tape drives you may want to use the /tape:n parameter to instruct NTBackup to ignore

a certain tape drive, otherwise no other parameters should be used.
 
 

Once you have erased the tape you should exit ntbackup and restart to use the tape (without specifying /nopoll).

Q. Wie kann man einen toten Backup Prozess stoppen?
 
 

A. If you submit a backup using the AT command (the schedule command) and the ntbackup program has a problem, you run Task Manager but are unable to kill the

process as an error along the lines of you don't have authority to end the process will be shown. The only solution is to reboot the server.
 
 

If you had submitted the ntbackup command with the /interactive switch you would see some kind of error.
 
 

Rather than rebooting the server you can create a "special" version of task manager which will be able to kill the rogue NTBACKUP process. Simply submit task manager

to start one minute in the future using the AT command or even better using the Resource Kit SOON.EXE utility:
 
 

C:\> soon 30 /interactive taskmgr
 
 

In 30 seconds task manager will be displayed and you will be able to kill the NTBACKUP process.
 
 

The AT syntax would be
 
 

C:\> at [\\<computer name>] <time in future> /interactive taskmgr
 
 

The \\<computer name> is optional and would start Task Manager on another machine.
 
 

An alternate method is as follows:
 
 

use the TLIST.EXE and the KILL.EXE provided in the Resource kit.
 
 

From the command prompt issue...

C:\> tlist -t | more
 
 

The output is .... <snip>
 
 

ATSVC.EXE (315)

CMD.EXE (345)

NTVDM.EXE (348)

NTBACKUP.EXE (314)
 
 

(the PID will vary from system to system)

(the "-t" option is important. It provides a tree-like-output to determine which process is the parent and child process)
 
 

Use the KILL.EXE to end the parent process CMD.EXE and NTBACKUP.EXE

C:\> kill -f 345
 
 

By killing the parent process it DOES NOT kills the children process it created. Once you kill the CMD.EXE process you then need to kill the children processes that the

CMD.EXE called.
 
 

Just don't kill the ATSVC.EXE process!!! If you do you no longer have the schedule service running, and you will have to restart it.
 
 

You must have Administrative privileges to run the KILL.EXE program.
 
 

You may find this better than fumbling with the AT command and waiting for it to start the TASKMGR as a system account.
 
 

If this is on a remote server where you can't get to the console load the RKILLSRV.EXE as a service on the remote machine, and use the RKILL.EXE on your local

machine. Both programs are from the resource kit. You must have Administrative privileges on the target system to kill the processes.
 
 

RKILL.EXE syntax...

Usage : rkill /view \\servername

to get the process list on servername

Usage : rkill /kill \\servername pid

to kill process pid on servername

Usage : rkill /token \\servername

to get your remote security token on servername
 
 

Another useful use for this is as part of a scheduled NTBACKUP and to always run the command "kill.exe -f ntbackup.exe" first in the scheduled NTBackup-batch job.

I've been told it works great but have never used myself. Basically if there is an old stray backup job running it will kill it first.